Map: Mina Liu; Oliver Uberti, NGM Staff. Source: James Cheshire, Paul Longley, and Pablo Mateos, University College London.
To examine the map more closely, click here or on the image above.
What's in a Surname? A new view of the United States based on the distribution of common last names shows centuries of history and echoes some of America's great immigration sagas. To compile this data, geographers at University College London used phone directories to find the predominant surnames in each state. Software then identified the probable provenances of the 181 names that emerged.
Many of these names came from Great Britain, reflecting the long head start the British had over many other settlers. The low diversity of names in parts of the British Isles also had an impact. Williams, for example, was a common name among Welsh immigrants—and is still among the top names in many American states.
But that's not the only factor. Slaves often took their owners' names, so about one in five Americans now named Smith are African American. In addition, many newcomers' names were anglicized to ease assimilation. The map's scale matters too. "If we did a map of New York like this," says project member James Cheshire, "the diversity would be phenomenal"—a testament to that city's role as
a once-and-present gateway to America. —A. R. Williams



Comments
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
Hi,
The idea of the online map with surnames is great! However I think the
presentation with large and small letters isn't the best option.
I think that a better presentation would be, the site providing a search
box for a surname, and presenting the surnames found as dots on the map.
In this way the user would see the distribution of a surname on the map.
Also I think a second search box for surnames, providing the user the
ability to view the distribution of a second surname along with the
first one on the map, would be even better.
Keep up the good work!
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
I find the map fascinating. Is it for sale through NGS?
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
I think this is very interesting. But, by using phone book listings, not necessarily the most accurate. Many people have unlisted numbers or only use cell phones. Also, many newer immigrants have multiple families living in the same house with the same number.
It would be interesting to see this same sort of map produced using census information.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
please do make such a map of new york city. that would be truly amazing.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
WHat do the different colors mean? Do a larger font size indicate a larger percentage of people with that surname?
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
Why are the Andersons from up north of Scandinavian origin but the Andersons in California of Scottish origin? Is this an error, or is there some weird ethnological/etymological thing there?
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
Interesting, but terribly flawed. Just compare the estimated emigration from various countries over the years and you immediately see a problem. Some nations are very over-represented for their relatively small populations, and others are shortchanged.
For instance, one out of seven of our citizens have German ancestry (the largest percentage of any country) and I doubt that they all married Scots and English.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
What do the different colors mean?
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
Lots of Lee names some from China, Korea, Ireland and England
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
All of the Johnson's in Wisconsin and Minnesota I know are of Scandinavian descent, not meaning there are not any of English descent in the two midwest states, but I think for Minnesota and Wisconsin, Johnson should be brown for Scandinavian, or at least multi-colored.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
"Slaves often took their owners' names" implies that it was a choice. The names were given to them. It wasn't a choice. A subtle but significant difference.
@Sugar, @ Dan: The legend gives you all the info you need.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
I'm curious why you have not shown the names as a percent of the population. You don't actually see a correct trend otherwise. Of course there are more Smiths in the east, there are more people in the east.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
I like everything about this map except for the presentation in Flash. An SVG image would be much preferred. Also, is the data set available?
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
What tools were used to draw this map?
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
Walsh is most definitely an Irish name, not English as your key indicates. In fact it is the 4th most common surname in Ireland. I know many Walsh's who would take offense to this error.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
This is indeed interesting but I wonder why it seems as though the third most populous state, Texas, seems as if it is a desert --- surely there were more names to fill out all of those white spaces, no?
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
Very interesting, but for those of us who have a relatively unusual sirname it would eb interesting to see how we fit in
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
Some people have asked about the lack of German and Scandanavian names. Many, if not most, of the Smiths were originally Schmitts and many Johnsons were Johanssens.
In England you don't come across many Smiths.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
Although this is an interesting sub-
ject, I'm disappointed at your lack
of research. I come from the New
York metropolitan area, and am
shocked that the Italian, Chinese,
Puerto Rican, and countries of
Africa have been completely ignored,
to name a few. Chicago and New York
both have sizable Irish populations,
as well as the countries named above.
I hope you will research more care-
fully in the future.
Jan 19, 2011 11AM #
"Martin" and "Roy" in Maine are most definitely of French, not English, origin.
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